《生物化学与分子生物学》第一、膜受体的分类页

随着越来越多的膜表面受体被纯化，其结构及转导信号的方式逐步得以阐明。目前，按照受体的结构及其作用方式可将其分为三大类。这三大类受体在配体种类、受体的一般结构和功能及细胞对之发生反应的方式上有所不同，见表21－2。

Table 21－2　Classification of MembraneReceptors:Characteristics of Three Groups of Receptors

CharacteristicsIon Channel ReceptorsG-Protein-Linked receptorsRecetpors with a Single Transmembrane DomainEndogenous ligandsNeurotransmitterNeurotransmitterGrowth factor hormoneHormoneCytokineAuloacoidChemotactic factorExogenous stimulantStructureOligomer with a poreProbably monomerMonomer of oligonerwith (±）catalyticdomainNumber of transmemFour per subunitSevenOne per subunitbane segmentsFunctionIon channelActivation of G proteinsTyrosine kinaseGiuanylate cyclase(?)Cellular responsesDepolarization orDepolarization orRegulation of functionhyperpolarizationhyperpolarizationand expression ofRegulation of functionproteinsand expression ofProliferation orproteinsdifferentiation